Experiments and Falsifiability

How to Test Planck Core Theory

1. Scientific Standards

A scientific theory must make predictions that can, in principle, be proven false. This document specifies:

Precise predictions of ITT Planck Core theory
Experimental methods to test them
Falsification criteria that would disprove the theory

2. Gravitational Wave Tests

2.1 The Prediction

ITT predicts: Ringdown waveforms from black hole mergers should show deviations from GR in the late stages, including:

Modified damping profile (flattening)
Possible echo structures
Strain amplitude capping

2.2 Experimental Setup

Instruments: LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA (current); Einstein Telescope, Cosmic Explorer (future)

Method:

Detect black hole merger events
Extract ringdown portion of waveform
Compare to GR template predictions
Search for systematic deviations

2.3 Specific Tests

Test A: Damping Modification

GR Prediction: Ringdown amplitude decays exponentially.

ITT Prediction: Modified decay with flattening at late times.

Observable: Deviation from exponential in final 10-50 cycles.

Statistical Significance Required: 3-sigma deviation from GR template.

Test B: Echo Search

ITT Prediction: Periodic structures in post-merger signal.

Method: Cross-correlate post-ringdown signal with ringdown template.

Current Status: Claimed 2-3 sigma echo signals exist in LIGO data (controversial).

2.4 Falsification Criteria

ITT would be falsified if:

All ringdowns match GR templates exactly (no late-stage modification)
Strain exceeds predicted Planck Core limit
Echo searches consistently yield null results with high sensitivity

3. Hawking Radiation Tests

3.1 The Prediction

GR Prediction: Black holes evaporate completely, ending in gamma-ray burst.

ITT Prediction: Radiation ceases at Planck-lock. No final burst.

3.2 Experimental Setup

Instruments: Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, SWIFT, future gamma-ray telescopes

Target: Primordial black holes (PBHs) with M less than 10^15 g

3.3 Falsification Criteria

ITT would be falsified if:

Clear detection of PBH evaporation burst with GR-predicted spectrum
Thermal spectrum continues to diverging temperatures
Complete evaporation observed (no remnant)

4. Black Hole Shadow Tests

4.1 The Prediction

ITT Prediction: Planck Cores produce:

Sharper inner shadow edge
No inner glow from Hawking radiation
Modified photon ring structure

4.2 Experimental Setup

Instruments: Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), future space-based VLBI

Targets: Sgr A*, M87*, other nearby supermassive black holes

4.3 Falsification Criteria

ITT would be falsified if:

Shadow structure matches GR predictions exactly
Detected thermal emission from central region consistent with Hawking temperature
No edge sharpening observed at high resolution

5. Summary of Falsification Criteria

Strong Falsifiers

The theory would be strongly falsified if:

Test	Falsifying Observation
GW Ringdown	All ringdowns match GR perfectly
GW Echoes	No echoes in high-sensitivity search
Hawking Radiation	Observed PBH evaporation burst
Shadow	No inner edge modification
Remnants	No evidence for Planck Core population

Confirmations

The theory would be supported if:

Ringdown deviations at greater than 3-sigma
Echo structures confirmed
Absence of PBH evaporation bursts
Sharp shadow edges detected
Planck Core dark matter component identified

6. Experimental Roadmap

Timeline	Experiment	Test
2025-2030	LIGO O5	Ringdown deviations
2025-2030	EHT	Shadow structure
2025-2030	Fermi	PBH burst absence
2030-2035	Einstein Telescope	High-precision ringdown
2030-2035	LISA	SMBH mergers
2035+	Next-gen EHT	Sub-horizon resolution
2035+	Advanced gamma-ray	Comprehensive PBH search

7. Conclusion

ITT Planck Core theory makes specific, testable predictions that differ from General Relativity. The theory is falsifiable:

If GW observations match GR exactly
If PBH evaporation is observed
If shadow structure shows no modification
If no Planck Core remnants exist

Current and near-future experiments can decisively test these predictions.

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